The issue of sustainable energy supply is a global problem for pursuing future endeavours in the energy area. In countries such as China and India there is a tremendous growth at the moment, which is envisaged by an ever growing demand for vehicles. Hence, one of the grand challenges of society is to meet the demands for sustainable and environmentally-friendly technologies in the transport sector. One way to tackle the problem of growing concentrations of carbon dioxide, which is believed to contribute to global warming, is the use of biofuels. In this project at STIAS it is planned to identify the specific challenges related to the production and use of biofuels in heavy-duty trucks and how they influence the emission after-treatment system in the truck.